You might be able to, but note that with headphones, since they are directly on-ear, 100% L/R will feel weird (except if there is an even volume balance of sound in either ear, and the stereo spectrum is appropriately filled out).
On the other hand, 80~90% L/R would generally feel less awkward. In fact, when panning on speakers, past approximately 90% L/R, you shouldn't hear a difference in panning, but for headphones, you should hear a difference.
So, "can you do it decently"? Sure. Are there caveats? Yeah, like how >90% L/R can feel awkward sometimes, especially if the volume isn't perfectly balanced on either side. Just keep that in mind.
Here's an example of a song that utilizes the full stereo spectrum (0~100% L/R):
For example, the hi hats and soft noise cymbals are panned quite far left/right.
Here's an example of a song that utilizes approximately 0~90% L/R, but never goes all the way to 100% L/R (unless the sounds used were already like that to begin with; I know because I made this!):
For example, the electric piano throughout has an auto-panning LFO (low-frequency oscillator), and the main electro house bass is fairly wide.
It might be subtle, so pay close attention to the far left/right-panned sounds. You may have to compare back and forth a few times.