Well iI can talk to you about distortion in music mixing/engineering.
The first thing distortion does is coloring the sound and producing harmonics, The second thing is it compresses the sound in a more leveled fashion but judged by how much you distort the effect takes under consideration the actual dynamics, so , think about an envelope let's take a snare hit, the actual transient(or attack) gets really distorted and compressed, assas the sound progresses and goes to sustain - decay the whole effect becomes more mellow.
dontDon't be afraid when distorting transients, there's no harm in it, the only thing you can trust in this is your ears.
nonNon linear in simple words mean that it cantcan't be undone with the opposite , so for example if iI take an EQ and boost 3K and right after use the same EQ but instead of boosting iI use cut for the same exact amount , the sound remains unchaingedunchanged right?
ok OK, now if you insert a non linear effect in the middle you never have the same sound again.
To explain my selfmyself, someone could say if iI you use a compressor you'd also wouldntwouldn't have the same sound, well you would have the same sound but compressed, that said , distortion and non-linear effects change the core of the sound!
It's a very common practice (but not many people share it) to use EQ- non linerlinear -EQ.
Let's use another example, letslet's say iI really want to distort/alter a hihat , iI go +30 db hi shelf -> distortion -> -30 db hi shelf (or according to taste).I I managed to alter my sound in the frequency that iI care about and then bring it back in a more normal (frequency-wise) state.
Bass is the most sensitive area when distorting . It's the first thing that's gonna make you turn that knob back, sometimes it's your friend causebecause if you have a nice balanced sound which just needs something extra, the bass is there to tell you when you've overdone it.
But , as we talked about pre-emphasis (or EQ - non linear - EQ) You can try pre emphasizing bass, which is actually what happens in the core of the audio transformer,try try it on vocals, or on snare drums, i. I usually do it by really emphasizing close to 50 Hz and then taking it back.
In all of these FX chains the middle man is the non-linear friend, any type of distortion. makeMake your EQ and then just turn the knob to taste, it's the most intuitive knob in the studio!
Now , you might think imI'm crazy ,but but these techniques are all over an analog studio, for example, dbx de-noiser is hi freq pre-emphasis -> compression -> Tape(non-linear) ->expansion -> hi freq de-emphasis. dbx has a lot of character , and iI find it really cool! Also audio transformers core saturation is bass pre-emphasis - core saturation - de emphasis.and many many other examples.
Last super creative trick you can do, duplicate a track, distort the one, flip the phase to the other one and try to find the canceling spot with the fader (the place where you hear loss of sound and weird effects) , playing a bit with this will drive you crazy when you think of the posibilitiespossibilities, this is called phase synthesis or at least iI call it that way.
There are other very very intrestinginteresting distortion effects such as crossover distortion or slew rate, but these are a bit deep for now!
Some last words. Distortion and general hi-end sound destruction is gonna make your sounds unbeatable by other stereos or cellphones or whatever, if you have a super clean sound, it's weak , a bad stereo will destroy it, if. If you have a hot signal (which doesn't mean the distortion is audible) it's like a signal on steroids, nothing can touch it, it fills the room, it's warm , itsit's punchy , itsit's everywhere!
alsoAlso ditch the bad distortions and super ditch the digital distortions (unless you want to go super creative), go to a studio with a good console one day , see what a neve does when you turn that line amp and start mixing.
goodGood luck.