Let's use some simpler numbers to illustrate the problem. Let's say the smallest string on a piano is 1m
, and has a frequency of 200hz
(it's a piano for giants). And let's say the lowest note on a piano is 100hz
(only one octave because our giants have a narrow hearing range).
Given all other factors are consistent (tension, thickness, etc...), we know the frequency is inversely proportionate to the size of the string such that a string that is twice as long yields half the frequency:
[ 200hz highest note ] / [ 100hz lowest note ] = 2
...use your quotient:
longest string = [ 1m shortest string ] * 2 = 2m
We could illustrate our logic with an equation:
200hz / 100hz = quotient of 2
1m * your quotient of 2 = 2m
In other words, the formula is:
longestLength = shortestLength * (highestFrequency / lowestFrequency)
So,
longestStringLength = 0.15m * (4,186Hz / 27.5Hz)
The misleading thing is the provided equation:
frequency = (1/(2 length of string))*sqrt(Tension / mass density)
Since tension, mass density, and the length of string is not provided, this equation isn't much help to us. Are you sure this is the equation you're supposed to use?