Ciao Matteo,
Regarding books, the one that Stavrosound mentioned is good.
You can find a lot of resources online nowadays, one great blog is designingsound.org another one is http://www.musicofsound.co.nz/blog/
Tim is the writer of the latter one, and you can find a lot of informations like this http://www.musicofsound.co.nz/blog/sound-design-book-list or http://www.musicofsound.co.nz/blog/career-advice-part-1
Now, that's the theory, and theory outside Italy. I'm a sound editor based in Rome and the reality, in italy, especially in the last few years, couldn't be more different than what you will read online.
It's super fascinating, exciting, interesting and fun world, don't get me wrong, but today the italian film industry is really behind a lot of other countries in this field.
As you wrote there isn't any school that teaches sound fx editing or foley or even sound editing. Il Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia (in Rome) http://www.snc.it/ (that should be the most prestigious cinema school in italy) doesn't even mention sound fx or foley in the sound course description http://www.snc.it/context.jsp?ID_LINK=103&area=7
They only mention "Realizzazione della colonna internazionale" that is (for our english reader) the M&E Track. That's it... That's all a Sound Fx Editor should do, for them... Unbelievable! (this make me so sad...)
My advise: read a lot and experiment (sound kits are very cheap now, and pro tools is on the cheap side too) and get in touch with professionals (online or in real life); if you want to study, go abroad, and if you want to work in Italy, move to Rome.
If you have any other more specific question, just write me.
Ciao
Davide
Matteo Boscolo
*Davide, I've got troubles with my account
I'm sorry for the late response
Anyway I'm attending conservatory (: